Abstract
An experimental comparative study of the biomechanical behavior of commonly used orthopedic implants for tibial plateau fractures was carried out. An artificial bone model Synbone1110 was used and a Schatzker V type tibial plateau fracture was created in vitro, then stabilized with three different implant types, classic L plate, Locking Plate System (PLS), and Hybrid External Fixator (HEF). The stiffness of the bone—implant assembly was assessed by means of mechanical testing using an automated testing machine. It was found that the classic L plate type internal implant has a significantly higher value of deformation then the other two implant types. In case of the other implant types, PLS had a better performance than HEF at low and medium values of the applied force. At high values of the applied forces, the difference between deformation values of the two types became gradually smaller. An Artificial Neural Network model was developed to predict the implant deformation as a function of the applied force and implant device type. To establish if a clear-cut distinction exists between mechanical performance of PLS and HEF, a Support Vector Machine classifier was employed. At high values of the applied force, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier predicts that no statistically significant difference exists between the performance of PLS and HEF.
Highlights
Trauma orthopedic implants are the golden standard in the surgical treatment of complex skeletal injuries
A multi-objective comparative analysis was carried out in order to differentiate between mechanical stability characteristics of three commonly used tibial plateau fracture fixation systems: classic L plate, Locking Plate System and Hybrid External Fixator
The best performance was found in the case of the Locking Plate System
Summary
Trauma orthopedic implants are the golden standard in the surgical treatment of complex skeletal injuries. The main goal of orthopedic implants is to secure the bone fragments in the anatomic position and to ensure the conditions for the bone healing process during the reparative and remodeling phases of the fracture healing. Restoring the stability and anatomic alignment of the fractured bone and avoiding damage to the adjacent soft tissue is another important goal of orthopedic implants. Not any bone fracture requires surgery but fracture fixation with implants becomes increasingly common as it was proven that proper bone alignment and limb functionality are superior in case of surgical treatment with orthopedic implants.
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