Abstract
The Turkish Straits comprising the Strait of Canakkale, the Strait of Istanbul and the Sea of Marmara are unique in many respects. All dangers and obstacles characteristic of narrow waterways are present and acute in this critical sea lane. This research reveals the simulation of Canakkale (Dardanelle) Strait under different traffic conditions and identifies risky areas. The results of this simulation show that an increase of 25% in the existing traffic grows 43 times in the number of waiting ships (from 1.663 to 73.73), whereas waiting time increases 29 times (from 24.267 to 737.07). As a result of simulations and risk analysis, it is found that Nara turning point is the bottleneck point of the strait due to its topographic structure and the current system.
Highlights
Introduction e Turkish StraitsSystem (TSS), consisting of the Marmara Sea, the Strait of Istanbul (Bosporus) and the Strait of Canakkale (Dardanelles), are very complicated and narrow waterways connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea
It is an established fact that the Turkish Straits are one of the most hazardous, crowded, di cult and potentially dangerous waterways for marines in the world. e Turkish Straits located between the Black and Mediterranean Seas are 164 nautical miles in length and have unique physical, geographical, hydrological an oceanographic characteristics and complicated navigational conditions prevailing in the area
A very sharp course alteration is needed at the narrowest point at Nara turning, the westernmost section of the waterway that divides Europe from Asia and connects the Mediterranean and Black Seas. e strait, through the Sea of Marmara, is a narrow, winding passage anked on the north by the Gallipoli peninsula
Summary
Maritime tra c in the Turkish Straits is exceptionally dense due to merchant tra c, coasters, shing vessels and local tra c crossing the strait and causing di culties in the navigation of the transit passage. Such dense tra c includes the transport of noxious, dangerous and hazardous cargo (oil, LNG, LPG, chemicals and other explosive and environmentally hazardous substances). E volume of tra c is expected to increase by 40–50% with additional tra c coming from the MainDanube, Volga–Baltic and Don waterways. Traffic congestion will further increase in oil supply and the volume of foreign trade from the Black Sea states and neighbouring countries
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