Abstract
Inverter generator sets (GS) are increasingly common in the electricity industry. The paper dwells upon the core advantages and issues of integrating inverter generator sets that must be considered at the design stage to make informed decisions. The authors present examples of computing the electrical parameters of inverter generator sets in a variety of operating situations. The calculated electromechanical transients show inverter GS’s are more efficient compared to conventional synchronous generators for grid nodes that are ‘weakly connected’ to the grid as well as for islanded operation. The paper further proves that automatic control systems of GS inverters can feasibly feature parameter control laws that conform to the general and additional requirements of the system, which in turn are based on the parameter calculations. It shows that a feasibility study is needed to decide whether to use inverter GS’s.
Highlights
Analysis of international best practices reveals that distributed energy sources (DES) are mainly implemented as renewable energy facilities (REF), a steady trend that affects how energy systems operate and how regional economies can develop [1]
When starting a heavy-duty asynchronous motors (AM) connected to 10-kV busbars in a weakly connected grid, the conventional generator sets (GS) will be disconnected by the relay protection and automation (RPA) since U ≤ 0.8Unom for ∆t > 0.6 s for SHUNT, see Figure 3а or > 0.4 s for PMG
Since an inverter can alter the output voltage amplitude, phase, and frequency very fast, it can implement the required control laws that should be selected based on general system requirements and additional requirements arising from the calculations of the operating parameters
Summary
Analysis of international best practices reveals that distributed energy sources (DES) are mainly implemented as renewable energy facilities (REF), a steady trend that affects how energy systems operate and how regional economies can develop [1]. Russia's DES's mainly operate non-Russian gasturbine units (GTU), gas-piston units (GPU), and diesel generator sets (DGS). These units feature good quality, exceptional reliability, and efficiency, as well as longevity; they require very infrequent repairs and mean time before maintenance is long [2]. To integrate inverter GS’s in a heavy-load grid, one needs to provide effective parametric control for a variety of operating situations. Such integration should not worsen the operating conditions of the electricity users in the grid; instead, it should seek to provide more reliable electricity delivery. In order to make sound decisions on using inverter GS’s, it is imperative to analyze the advantages and potential issues of their integration as well as the tricky parts of simulating, calculating, and analyzing the operating parameters of such units
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