Inverse and nonlinear relationships between Life’s Essential 8 metrics and gout risk: A cross-sectional study

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Viral Concentrations in Participants of a General Population Survey in the United States

Trends and Clustering of Cardiovascular Health Metrics Among U.S. Adolescents 1988–2010

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Studies have reported the strength of cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in parent-offspring relationships. This study aimed to describe the sex-specific associations between CVH in parents and adult offspring. This study was conducted on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set, which analyzed trios of mother-father-child, with the child's age from 20 to 39 years. To use the nature of sampling design, survey weighting was applied to all our analyses. Ideal CVH was defined as a cluster of at least 5 ideal individual CVH metrics. We examined the association between parents and their adult offspring regarding clustering CVH and individual CVH metrics through odds ratios and 95% CIs using multiple logistic regression with standard errors adjusted for within-family clustering. The study included 1267 married couples comprising 748 sons and 819 daughters. After adjusting for household income and offspring's sex, age, education, and alcohol consumption, an offspring with either parent attaining a nonideal CVH was 3.52 times more likely to have nonideal CVH. Fathers' nonideal CVH was significantly positively associated with the daughters' nonideal CVH. Maternal nonideal CVH was significantly positively associated with the son's nonideal CVH. When analyzing individual CVH metrics, ideal status in fathers or mothers reduced the likelihood of their offspring having a nonideal status. This cross-sectional study showed positive and differential associations of CVH and its components between parents' and offsprings' nonideal status. Our hypothesis-generating results suggest the relevance of using CVH as a composite indicator in family-centered approaches and heart-health interventions.

Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006

BackgroundsWe aimed to investigate whether a spouse’s cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics status affects the other spouse’s ideal CVH using a Korea nationwide representative survey.MethodsWe used the health data of 6,030 married couples who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2014 to 2019. The CVH was defined using seven metrics: smoking status, blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, physical activity, and diet, following the American Heart Association guidelines and modifications for body mass index cutoffs and diet quality. The CVH score was calculated on a scale ranging from 0 to 7, with the ideal CVH defined as attaining ideal scores in at least five CVH metrics. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess whether husband’s ideal CVH was associated with his wife’s odds for having ideal CVH, and vice versa.ResultsThe mean CVH scores were 3.2 and 4.0 for husband and wife, respectively. After fully adjusting for age and education of both partners and household income, husbands had 1.49 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–1.69) higher odds of achieving ideal CVH if their wives had also achieved ideal CVH. Meanwhile, wives whose husbands achieved ideal CVH also had 1.46 times (95% CI, 1.27–1.69) higher odds of achieving ideal CVH. Nonsmoking (57.17%), ideal fasting blood glucose level (34.93%), and ideal diet intake (24.18%) were the most concordant CVH metrics among spouses.ConclusionsOur study found a significant spousal concordance of ideal CVH in Korean married couples. This finding supports the use of a couple-based interventional strategy targeted to promote CVH.

Association between cardiovascular health metrics and depression among U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2014

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and anemia among participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Cohort Study: Baseline results

Uric acid and estimate of renal function. Let's stick together

A long-standing association exists between elevated triglyceride levels and cardiovascular disease* (CVD).1,2 However, the extent to which triglycerides directly promote CVD or represent a biomarker of risk has been debated for 3 decades.3 To this end, 2 National Institutes of Health consensus conferences evaluated the evidentiary role of triglycerides in cardiovascular risk assessment and provided therapeutic recommendations for hypertriglyceridemic states.4,5 Since 1993, additional insights have been made vis-a-vis the atherogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs; ie, chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins), genetic and metabolic regulators of triglyceride metabolism, and classification and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. It is especially disconcerting that in the United States, mean triglyceride levels have risen since 1976, in concert with the growing epidemic of obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).6,7 In contrast, mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have receded.7 Therefore, the purpose of this scientific statement is to update clinicians on the increasingly crucial role of triglycerides in the evaluation and management of CVD risk and highlight approaches aimed at minimizing the adverse public health–related consequences associated with hypertriglyceridemic states. This statement will complement recent American Heart Association scientific statements on childhood and adolescent obesity8 and dietary sugar intake9 by emphasizing effective lifestyle strategies designed to lower triglyceride levels and improve overall cardiometabolic health. It is not intended to serve as a specific guideline but will be of value to the Adult Treatment Panel IV (ATP IV) of the National Cholesterol Education Program, from which evidence-based guidelines will ensue. Topics to be addressed include epidemiology and CVD risk, ethnic and racial differences, metabolic determinants, genetic and family determinants, risk factor correlates, and effects related to nutrition, physical activity, and lipid medications. In the United States, the National Health and …

Allergic sensitization is a key risk factor for but not synonymous with allergic disease

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has garnered significant attention due to its high prevalence and association with various cancers and other health conditions. Composite lifestyle factors may influence the risk of HPV infection, yet their cumulative impact remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to explore the association between the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) Score and HPV infection status, highlighting the potential role of lifestyle and health behaviors in HPV infection prevention.MethodsUtilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005–2016, we analyzed the health and nutritional statuses of 6,773 participants after excluding those with missing HPV infection status, inability to calculate the LE8 Score, and missing covariate data. The LE8 Score was computed based on eight cardiovascular health metrics, encompassing both health factors (BMI, non-HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose) and health behaviors (physical activity, diet, sleep duration, and nicotine exposure). HPV infection status was determined through vaginal swab specimens analyzed using various Roche assays. Multivariate logistic regression, the restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were employed to assess the association between LE8 Score and HPV infection risk.ResultsOur findings indicate a significant inverse association between the LE8 Score and HPV infection risk. Participants with medium and high LE8 Scores exhibited a 21% and 31% lower risk of HPV infection, respectively, compared to those with low LE8 Scores in multivariate logistic regression models. The analysis also revealed that lifestyle factors, particularly nicotine exposure and blood pressure, significantly contributed to the observed association.ConclusionThe study underscores the importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors in reducing the risk of HPV infection. Public health strategies promoting such behaviors could complement existing HPV prevention measures, potentially lowering the burden of HPV-related diseases. Future research should further investigate the mechanisms underlying this association and the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in diverse populations.

The Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence Among Community Dwelling Men: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

The mean dietary protein intake at different stages of chronic kidney disease is higher than current guidelines

(1) To present hearing threshold data from a recent nationally representative survey in the United States (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004) in a distributional format that might be appropriate to replace Annex B in international (ISO-1999) and national (ANSI S3.44) standards and (2) to compare these recent data with older survey data (National Health Examination Survey I, 1959-1962) on which the current Annex B is based. Better-ear threshold distributions (selected percentiles and their confidence intervals) were estimated using linear interpolation. The 95% confidence intervals for the medians for the two surveys were compared graphically for each of the four age groups and for both men and women. In addition, we calculated odds ratios comparing the prevalences of better-ear hearing impairment (thresholds > 25 dB HL) between the two surveys, for 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, and for their four-frequency average. Across age and sex groups, median thresholds were lower (better) in the 1999-2004 survey at 500, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz (8000 Hz was not tested in the 1959-1962 survey). For both men and women, the prevalence of hearing impairment was significantly lower in 1999-2004 at 500, 2000, and 4000 Hz, but not at 1000 Hz. For men and women of a specific age, high-frequency hearing thresholds were lower (better) in 1999-2004 than in 1959-1962. The prevalences of hearing impairment were also lower in the recent survey. Differences seen at 500 Hz may be attributable at least in part to changes in standards for ambient noise in audiometry. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 distributions are offered as a possible replacement for Annex B in ISO-1999 and ANSI S3.44.