Abstract
Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) wood (Indonesian: Merbau) is commercial wood with high economic value and is most commonly found in Indonesia. Intsia wood extractives have biological activities related to their potential as natural active ingredients for antiaging cosmetics This study aimed to select the best extraction solvent and phytosome formulation of I. bijuga heartwood extract as an active ingredient for topical antiaging cosmetics. There were five and three variations on extraction solvent and phytosome formulation, respectively. Three main antiaging activity parameters, namely antioxidant, antityrosinase, and sun protection factor (SPF) values, were considered in selecting the best extract and phytosome formula. The results showed that 50% ethanol possessed good antioxidant and antityrosinase activity, but was lower in SPF value, which was significantly different than in other extracts. The phytochemical profile revealed robidanol and robinetin as the main constituent in five I. bijuga extracts. Phytosome F3 possessed high antioxidant, antityrosinase, and SPF values compared to other 50% ethanol phytosome extracts. It could be concluded that I. bijuga ethanol extracts and its phytosome are potent enough to be developed as an antiaging active ingredient in topical use cosmetics.
Highlights
Merbau wood (Intsia spp.) is a commercial wood with high economic value belonging to the Fabaceae family
The analysis aimed to examine the influence of the types of solvent and phytosome formulations on the yield, Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), antioxidant, antityrosinase, and sun protection factor (SPF) value
The analysis of variance showed that the type of extraction solvent affected the yield, TPC, and TFC of I. bijuga extracts (Table 1)
Summary
Merbau wood (Intsia spp.) is a commercial wood with high economic value belonging to the Fabaceae family. Nine species of merbau are spread in several parts of the world. There are three species of merbau in Indonesia, namely I. bijuga, Intsia palembanica, and Intsia acuminata. I. bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze is the most commonly found in Indonesia. This species is found from Sumatra to Papua, but around 84.4% of Indonesian merbau production comes from Papua [1]. This wood is mainly produced in Maluku and Papua, in quantities up to 1.98 million m3 [2]. Merbau wood is widely used as construction material, furniture, panels, carvings, truck bodies, musical instruments, etc
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