Abstract
This part of the book builds upon the classical conservation laws of fluid dynamics. These conservation laws (the conservation of mass, the conservation of linear momentum, and the conservation of energy, also known as the Navier–Stokes equations) are summarized in Chap. 21 after a brief presentation of the main notations and rules for the scalar, vector, and tensor quantities needed to define the fluid motion. In the present part of the book, as we are mainly interested in the transient and stationary nonequilibrium states of the near-critical fluids described in the previous introductory chapter, the most important assumption we make is local thermodynamic equilibrium, since local equilibrium must be present for the hydrodynamic equations presented in Chap. 21 to be valid.
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