Introduction of Avant-garde Concepts in the Design of Household Goods in the Field of Ceramics and Porcelain

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the introduction of avant-garde concepts in the design of household items, in particular, utensils in Mezhyhirya Art and Ceramics College and to track the use of modern techniques and materials by boychukists, suprematists, constructivists and art deco in domestic art and design culture. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of comprehensiveness, methods of general scientific comparative studies, formal-stylistic and art analyzes. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of artistic features of the work of avant-garde artists in the pursuit of blurring the boundaries between art and life. The specifics of the appeal to ceramics and porcelain of avant-garde artists of Mykhailo Boychuk’s circle in Mezhyhirya Art and Ceramic Technical School-Institute (V. Sedlyar, I. Padalka, P. Ivanchenko, P. Musijenko, D. Golovko), groups of suprematist artists at Leningrad porcelain factory are described (K. Malevich, I. Chashnyk, M. Suietin), as well as J. Dindo, who balanced between constructivism, suprematism and art deco. Conclusions. The results of the study show a certain phenomenon of avant-garde artists from different schools developing in different countries, which consisted in the implementation of often very similar ideas in the design of household items. It was found that this phenomenon was caused not so much by the influence of artists on each other, as by the source of common worldviews. Both the representatives of the Bauhaus and the Ukrainian avant-garde proceeded primarily from the need to modernize life, the rejection of the dominance of historical styles in the design of things. Thus, the details of everyday life, like utensils, get the maximum simplification of forms, the use of new, sometimes unusual materials to the embodiment of graphic decor, inherent in a certain avant-garde direction.