Introducing a novel chemotherapeutic supplement prepared by silver nanoparticles green-formulated by Salvia officinalis leaf aqueous extract to treat the human oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

• A clear peak at the wavelength of 448 nm confirms the nanoparticles formation. • The peaks related to the aliphatic O-H and C-H stretching, C=C, C=O and Ag-O are at the wavelengths of 3507, 2913, 1369, 1665 and 462 cm -1 . • The average size of 50-90 nm was recorded. This research displays the synthesis of Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by Salvia officinalis . The structural features of the synthesized nanocomposite were investigated by FT-IR, FE-SEM, UV-Vis studies. MTT assay was used on common human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines i.e., KB, HSC-4, HSC-3, HSC-2, and Ca9-22 to survey the cytotoxicity and anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma effects of the synthesized nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposite had very low cell viability and high anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activities dose-dependently against KB, HSC-4, HSC-3, HSC-2, and Ca9-22 cell lines without cytotoxicity on the normal cell line (HUVEC). To determine the antioxidant properties of the synthesized nanocomposite, the DPPH test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. The synthesized nanocomposite inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 181 µg/mL. Maybe significant anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma potentials of the synthesized nanocomposite against common human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines are linked to their antioxidant activities.