Abstract
BackgroundIntranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX), as a novel sedation method, has been used in many clinical examinations of infants and children. However, the safety and efficacy of this method for electroencephalography (EEG) in children is limited. In this study, we performed a large-scale clinical case analysis of patients who received this sedation method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranasal DEX for sedation in children during EEG.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. The inclusion criteria were children who underwent EEG from October 2016 to October 2018 at the Children’s Hospital affiliated with Chongqing Medical University. All the children received 2.5 μg·kg− 1 of intranasal DEX for sedation during the procedure. We used the Modified Observer Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale (MOAA/S) and the Modified Aldrete score (MAS) to evaluate the effects of the treatment on sedation and resuscitation. The sex, age, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASAPS), vital signs, sedation onset and recovery times, sedation success rate, and adverse patient events were recorded.ResultsA total of 3475 cases were collected and analysed in this study. The success rate of the initial dose was 87.0% (3024/3475 cases), and the success rate of intranasal sedation rescue was 60.8% (274/451 cases). The median sedation onset time was 19 mins (IQR: 17–22 min), and the sedation recovery time was 41 mins (IQR: 36–47 min). The total incidence of adverse events was 0.95% (33/3475 cases), and no serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionsIntranasal DEX (2.5 μg·kg− 1) can be safely and effectively used for EEG sedation in children.
Highlights
Intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX), as a novel sedation method, has been used in many clinical examinations of infants and children
As animal studies have shown, drugs can be administered through the nasal cavity, which can effectively reduce first-pass elimination, and the drug can more efficiently enter the brain through the nervous olfactory system [8]
All the children remained lying flat for 1–2 min after the medicine was administered while we gently massaged the alae of the nose of the children to facilitate DEX absorption by the nasal mucosa
Summary
Intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX), as a novel sedation method, has been used in many clinical examinations of infants and children. The safety and efficacy of this method for electroencephalography (EEG) in children is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranasal DEX for sedation in children during EEG. Many sedative drugs have been used for paediatric sedation in the past, but the use of many sedative drugs for EEG is controversial. DEX is a sedative suitable for EEG, no comprehensive studies have been performed regarding the safety and effective dose of DEX. Evaluating the safety and efficacy of 2.5 μg·kg− 1 intranasal DEX was the main objective of this study
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