Abstract
This study investigated the withdrawal periods (WP) of two intramammary antibiotics Cloxamast LC (Intervet SA) and Spectrazol Milking Cow (Schering-Plough Animal Health) in dairy goats and compared them to those recommended for use in cattle. The WP for Cloxamast LC, measured by the Thermo Resistant Inhibitory Substances (TRIS) test, was 60 h in composite samples, 56 h in udder half samples, and the dye was visible for up to 56 h. The WP was significantly shorter than the 72 h recommended WP for use in cattle. It was however significantly longer when the 24 h safety margin (48 h) was subtracted from the recommended WP for cattle. For Spectrazol Milking Cow the antibiotics could be detected by the TRIS test for 61 h in composite samples and 59 h in udder half samples. This did not differ significantly from the recommended 60 h WP for cattle. However, it was significantly longer than that recommended for use in cattle without the 24 h safety margin. There was no significant difference in WP between infected and non-infected udder halves, while there was a weak positive correlation between WP and stage of lactation (R2 = 0.253). There was a moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.583) between the TRIS test and the presence of dye in milk in udder half samples and between WP in both udder half and composite milk samples (R2 = 0.456). Weak to moderate positive correlations were present between milk yield and the WP in both udder half (R2 = 0.414) and composite (R2 = 0.262) milk samples. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were also observed between the milk yield of udder halves with and without palpable udder damage and between samples that tested TRIS positive and negative on both composite (P = 0.008) and udder half samples (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the milk yield of samples with or without dye. There was a significant difference in milk yield between infected and non-infected udder halves (P = 0.054) and a weak negative correlation between milk yield and stage of lactation (R2 = -0.379).
Highlights
There is an increasing demand for goat milk for cheese-making and for use by children intolerant to milk from other sources (Jaubert & Kalantzopoulos 1996)
Withdrawal period of intramammary antibiotics in goats compared to WP recommended for use in cattle with or without the 24 h safety margin
There were important differences between WP recommended for use in cattle and those found in goats, which indicates the urgency for testing the WP of intramammary antibiotics for goats
Summary
There is an increasing demand for goat milk for cheese-making and for use by children intolerant to milk from other sources (Jaubert & Kalantzopoulos 1996). Milk production from dairy goats is one source that should be developed (Donkin 1997). There are many advantages in the use of dairy goats rather than cattle for subsistence production by smallholder farmers. As the traditional source of milk, are expensive to keep and require sophisticated feeding and management to be productive. Dairy goats are more appropriate to the needs of subsistence production and their use would be in harmony with the concept of household economy (Low 1986). Require less food, produce appropriate quantities of milk, breed at a younger age, have multiple births, are more handled by women and children, represent a smaller loss in the event of death, and produce a carcass of appropriate size for a household’s needs (Devendra & Burns 1983)
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