Intradiscal pressures in rat tail discs measured using a miniaturized fiber-optic sensor

Abstract

Sensor-augmented pump (SAP) technology, which combines continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM), has been available for several years in China. In this study, the time required to reach predefined glycaemic targets with SAP vs multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy was compared in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Adults (aged 18–65 years) with T2DM treated with insulin and admitted to hospital for glucose management were randomized to either SAP (Medtronic MiniMed™ Paradigm™ 722 system) or MDI with blinded CGM (Medtronic MiniMed CGMS System Gold™) for a 2-week period. Glycaemic targets were defined as three preprandial measurements between 80 and 130 mg/dL (4.4 and 7.2 mmol/L) and three 2-h postprandial measurements between 80 and 180 mg/dL (4.4 and 10.0 mmol/L) within the same day.When data from 81 patients (40 SAP, 41 MDI) were analysed, 21 patients using SAP therapy, compared with six using MDI therapy, achieved their glycaemic targets within 3 days, and their time to reach their glucose targets was significantly shorter (3.7 ± 1.1 vs 6.3 ± 3.1 days for MDI; P < 0.001), while three MDI patients failed to reach glycaemic targets within 14 days. SAP vs MDI patients experienced significantly less hypoglycaemia [sensor glucose < 50 mg/dL (2.8 mmol/L): 0.04% vs 0.32%, respectively; P < 0.05] and significantly less hyperglycaemia [sensor glucose > 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L): 21.56% vs 35.03%, respectively; P < 0.05].SAP vs MDI therapy in hospitalized patients with T2DM significantly reduced the time required to achieve glycaemic targets, and such systems may be a cost-effective way to improve glucose control and reduce hospital stays in T2DM patients.