Intractable upper gastrointestinal ulceration due to aspirin in patients who have undergone surgery for peptic ulcer

Abstract

Background & Aims: Postsurgical ulcer recurrence is a challenging problem. The aim of this study was to define the role of aspirin in postsurgical ulcers. Methods: We studied 30 patients with postsurgical ulcer and aspirin abuse. Preoperatively 13 had stenosis, 7 bleeding, and 7 perforation or penetration; 18 had undergone vagotomy and 11 gastrectomy. Results: Of 30 patients, 15 admitted long-term aspirin use (1–4 g/day), whereas 15 denied use but had positive salicylate blood levels (15.1 ± 2.25 mg/100 mL; >1 mmol/L). Gastrin or gastric secretion was normal in the 24 patients tested. On follow-up, 3 (10%) healed after surgery (all stopped taking aspirin), whereas 27 continued and had new ulcers; 12 (44%) developed stenosis, and 6 (23%) developed bleeding. A second operation was required in 16 patients who had continued aspirin abuse, which was surreptitious in 10 (63%). Thirteen of these 16 had recurrent ulceration (7 [43%] with stenosis and 1 with bleeding); 1 died and 2 stopped taking aspirin and healed. A third operation was required in 8 patients. All had continued aspirin abuse (75% surreptitiously), and all again had relapses (3 with stenosis); 1 underwent an unsuccessful fourth operation, and 3 died. Conclusions: With continued aspirin abuse, recurrent ulceration is the rule, and complications, especially stenosis, are common. Surreptitious aspirin abuse, if discovered, is a clear contraindication to elective ulcer surgery, because aspirin-abuse ulceration is incurable by gastric surgery. GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998;114:883-892