Intracranial myeloid sarcoma as the first presentation of acute myeloid leukemia and literature review.

Abstract

Intracranial myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Itcan involve the meninges and ependyma presenting as extra-axial mass lesion. Rarely, it can also invade the brainparenchyma. It is commonly seen in children. It is usually misdiagnosed due to its close resemblance to otherintracranial tumors (meningioma, metastasis, Ewing's sarcomas, and lymphoma). These are underdiagnosed ifthey precede the diagnosis of leukemia. A 7-year-old boy with isolated intracranial myeloid sarcoma who presented with raised intracranialpressure (ICP) which was successfully managed by surgical excision. Isolated intracranial myeloid sarcoma is a rare presentation of AML. Leukemia can be diagnosed earlyduring the postoperative period and can be started on therapy timely. These patients requires regular follow-ups(clinical, laboratory and radiological) to detect relapses early.