International experience of legal regulation of personal light electric transport

Abstract

The fast rhythm of modern life puts forward new requirements for human mobility, producing the demand for new ways of moving. The use of various types of individual micromobility means solves the problem of the movement of part of the population in cities, contributes to the restoration of the environment, reduces the burden on transport infrastructure and roads, but at the same time requires policy changes both at the local and national levels, because it is often associated with high public perception of the risk of road traffic crashes and the resulting increase in injuries and deaths. The article draws attention to the prevalence of personal light electric transport (not powerful electric scooters, electric scooters, segways, unicycles, gyroboards, self-balancing unicycles, gyro scooters, electric skateboards, etc.) both in the world and in Ukraine. The problem of legal regulation has been updated and an analysis of domestic legislative initiatives to determine this type of movement has been carried out. In particular, attention is drawn to the diversity of approaches to the terminological definition and understanding of the role and place of personal light electric vehicles among road users. The most effective mechanisms for the legal regulation of micromobility means are highlighted, aimed at increasing the level of protection and safety of all road users, accepted in different states and deciding issues: classifying personal light electric vehicles as “pedestrians” or defining as a vehicle, technical requirements, permissible speed, determining the age of users, the place of use and parking areas, the availability of the necessary means of protection, the definition of liability in the event of an accident, etc. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, a conclusion was made about the possibility of using certain foreign legislative developments to form a high-quality regulatory basis for regulating the use of personal light electric vehicles in Ukraine.