Abstract
Science and technology have an important international dimension, often intersecting with foreign policy. We can distinguish between ‘science for diplomacy’, where scientific and technical knowledge are important resources in developing foreign policy, and ‘diplomacy for science’, where S&T are a concern of foreign policy. Small, less-advanced, countries, such as Portugal, are often more concerned with the latter. There is a high level of internationalisation in the system, and a strong policy focus towards it. Yet some tension between the national and international dimension arises: this is also reflected in the networking process. Conclusions discuss the implications of co-ordinated versus more informal collaboration practices in current developments towards a European Research Area. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
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