Abstract
Interference of volunteer corn in glyphosate resistant soybean and chemical control in different phenological stages
Highlights
Corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) are the main commercial crops in Brazilian agriculture (CONAB, 2017)
In Brazil, the Roundup Ready corn and soybean are widely used as succession crops in most agricultural areas, resulting in the appearance of glyphosate-resistant volunteer plants from grains lost during harvest (PETTER et al, 2015)
For the evaluation at 14 days after application (DAA), the results demonstrated that the herbicides clethodim, haloxyfop and fluazifop applied alone or mixed with glyphosate provided control levels above 98% for V2-V3 and V4-V5 phenological stages, except for the alone spraying of sethoxydim in V4-V5 stage where the control was only 60% (Table 1)
Summary
Corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) are the main commercial crops in Brazilian agriculture (CONAB, 2017). The technological advances which occurred for these crops such as the use of glyphosate-resistant crops and the use of integrated agricultural practices constitute factors that provided flexibility, improved weed control, reduced costs and contributed to increased yield (PETTER et al, 2007; BENBROOK, 2016). In Brazil, the Roundup Ready corn and soybean are widely used as succession crops in most agricultural areas, resulting in the appearance of glyphosate-resistant volunteer plants from grains lost during harvest (PETTER et al, 2015). The occurrence of volunteer corn plants into soybean fields causes competition for nutrients, light and water, increases control costs owing to the use of alternative herbicides and reduces the yield (DEEN et al, 2006; MARQUARDT et al, 2012). Volunteer corn plants have early development and C4 cycle allowing for a higher competitive ability compared to soybean, which depends on the relative time of emergence, the origin (individual plant or clump), and the population present in the field (CHADAL; JHALA, 2016), reducing the time to control and the period prior to interference (PPI)
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