Abstract
When a droplet impacts on a heated surface above the dynamic Leidenfrost temperature, it bounces off the surface by levitating on a vapour layer. The vapour layer is of great importance for impact morphology and heat transfer. In this study, by focusing on the vapour layer, we identify that the bottom interface of the droplet, rather than remaining stable, may oscillate rapidly during the rebounding stage of the droplet in the Leidenfrost state. The interface oscillation refers to repeated formation and discharge of dimple depression at the bottom of the droplet. The results of heat transfer analysis confirm that the interface oscillation can remarkably affect the flow in the vapour layer and the heat transfer between the droplet and the heated surface. The effects of important dimensionless numbers controlling the process are analysed, including the Jakob number, the Ohnesorge number, and the Weber number.
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