Interactions between common drug metabolism and precautions for drug usage in Gilbert syndrome

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Gilbert's syndrome is a type of hereditary disease caused by mutations in the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene, which leads to decreased UGT1A1 activity. Clinically, it is mainly characterized by increased unconjugated bilirubin and is often considered a benign disease. The incidence rate of Gilbert's syndrome is as high as 5%-10% in the population, and its interaction with commonly used clinical drugs deserves attention. On the one hand, some drugs can enhance or reduce UGT1A1 activity, causing bilirubin levels to decrease or increase. On the other hand, the decrease of UGT1A1 activity can also change part of drug metabolism, increase or reduce drug efficacy, and may cause adverse reactions and even endanger the patient's life in severe conditions. This article summarizes the interactions between common drug metabolism and precautions for drug usage in Gilbert syndrome.