INTENSITY OF ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN RADISH AND LETTUCE GROWN IN CLOSED SOILS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK

Abstract

One of the important tasks in vegetable production is the expansion of the range of vegetable crops in open and closed soil, which will ensure a constant supply of fresh vegetable products to consumers throughout the year. Lettuce and radish are among the many green vegetables that play an important role in solving this problem. In this work, the intensity of accumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu) in lettuce of the Record variety and radish of the Saxony variety in closed and open conditions of dark gray podzolized soil was studied. It was established that the concentration of Pb, Cd, and Zn in seeded lettuce grown under closed soil conditions was 1.5 times, 1.8 and 1.12 times lower, respectively, and in seeded radish by 1.5 times, 1.05 and 1, 23 times compared to similar products grown in open ground conditions. When growing lettuce and radish in closed soil conditions, the accumulation coefficient of Pb, Cd, Zn was lower by 2.0 times and 2.0 times, 1.8 times and 1.6 times, and 1.2 times and 1.2 times, respectively compared to similar products grown in open ground conditions. The coefficient of accumulation of Pb, Cd, Zn in lettuce grown in open ground was 2.0, 1.8, 1.12 times higher than that of lettuce grown in closed ground, respectively, and the coefficient of Pb accumulation in radish roots grown in open ground was 2.0 times higher than in the closed one, Cd concentration 1.6 times, Zn 1.2 times, and Cu 1.2 times, respectively. The research results showed that the hazard ratio of Pb in lettuce leaves and radish roots when grown in open ground was 1.5 times higher compared to similar vegetables grown in closed ground, the hazard ratio of Cd and Zn in lettuce leaves and radish roots grown under conditions of open soil was 1.8 and 1.06 times higher, respectively, compared to vegetables grown in closed soil, the hazard ratio of Cu in lettuce that was grown under closed soil conditions was 0.7 times higher compared to that grown in open soil. In radish roots, the risk factor of Cu was 1.5 times higher than in vegetables grown under open soil conditions.