Abstract
Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. An ultrasound study in southern Kyrgyzstan during 2012 revealed a prevalence of 4.2% probable or confirmed AE and an additional 2.2% possible AE, representing an emerging situation. The risk for probable or confirmed AE was significantly higher in dog owners.
Highlights
Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis
Hospital records for AE notifications identified a cluster of cases in the Alay Valley in southern Kyrgyzstan
For participants with hepatic lesions suspected to be AE or cystic echinococcosis (CE) or who reported previous treatment for echinococcosis, a venous blood sample was taken for further analysis
Summary
§E. granulosus hydatid fluid and/or native protoscolex antigens and/or antigen B positive but Em18 and EmG11 negative. The fact that persons with larger lesions were more likely to be seropositive indicates that seroconversion might not occur either during the early stages of the disease or when only abortive lesions are present. The mean age of ultrasound-positive persons in our study is 9 years younger than those receiving surgical treatment resulting from clinical disease, indicating that our study has detected an early stage of the disease in these persons. Including only probable or confirmed cases in the regression analysis increased the association with dog ownership while eliminating other risk factors. This finding might indicate that some of the possible AE cases are not AE. Specificity of ultrasound in this scenario remains at 97.4%
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