Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the predictive value of electrocardiogram (ECG) based on intelligent analysis algorithm for atrial fibrillation (AF) in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Specifically, 106 elderly patients with coronary heart disease who underwent CABG in the hospital were selected, including 52 patients with postoperative AF (AF group) and 54 patients without arrhythmia (control group). Within 1-3 weeks after operation, the dynamic ECG monitoring system based on Gentle AdaBoost algorithm constructed in this study was adopted. After the measurement of the 12-lead P wave duration, the maximum P wave duration (Pmax) and minimum P wave duration (Pmin) were recorded. As for simulation experiments, the same data was used as the back-propagation algorithm. The results showed that for the detection accuracy of the test samples, the Gentle AdaBoost algorithm showed 93.7% accuracy after the first iteration, and the Gentle AdaBoost algorithm was 16.1% higher than the back-propagation algorithm. Compared with the control group, the detection rate of arrhythmia in patients after CABG was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Bivariate logistic regression analysis on Pmax and Pmin showed as follows: Pmax: 95% confidential interval (CI): 1.024-1.081, P < 0.05; Pmin: 95% CI: 1.036-1.117, P < 0.05. The sensitivity of Pmax and Pmin in predicting paroxysmal AF was 78.2% and 73.4%, respectively; the specificity of them was 80.1% and 85.6%, respectively; the positive predictive value was 81.2% and 83.4%, respectively; and the negative predictive value was 79.5% and 75.3%, respectively. In conclusion, the generalization ability of Gentle AdaBoost algorithm was better than that of back-propagation algorithm, and it can identify arrhythmia better. Pmax and Pmin were important indicators of AF after CABG.
Highlights
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common kind of arrhythmia
Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of related indicators for AF after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
The simulation results suggested that the generalization ability of the Gentle AdaBoost algorithm was better than that of the back-propagation algorithm
Summary
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common kind of arrhythmia. Arrhythmia refers to the abnormal speed and uniformity of heart beating and mainly manifests as too fast, too slow, or irregular heart beating [1, 2]. When AF occurs, the rapid and irregular electrical signals will cause the fibrillation of the right ventricle and the left atrium so that they cannot contract normally, the blood in the atrium cannot all enter the ventricle, and the atrium and ventricle cannot coordinate normally [3]. AF shows a higher incidence in patients with heart failure and valvular disease, and about 70% of AF is secondary to patients with organic heart disease. Medical studies have confirmed that AF is related to age, CABG, heart disease, blood transfusion, and chronic diseases [7]
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