Integrative coexpression network detects the epicardial adipose tissue specific exosome vesicles as key predictor biomarker of cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries. Also, in past few decades the cardiovascular disease is prevalent among young adults. The core pathogenic gene and its molecular mechanism in cardiovascular disease remains unidentified. Therefore, the purpose of exploring the genetic basis of the cardiovascular disease became to be a primary research concept. Integrative gene expression analysis is a powerful approach to understand the gene regulation involved in cardiovascular disease. In this study mRNA expression of ~11,315 genes across 600 samples were investigated by applying Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) method. The highly coexpressed genes were grouped into modules. The CD3 module genes coexpression are conserved in many independent profile data and overexpressed in special tissue type of cardiac muscle the Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Fortunately, the gene ontology enrichment analysis reveals the enrichment of Exosome vesicles and immune response genes. Hence CD3 module gene characterize the epicardial adipose tissue secreted exosomes. Among the enriched urine exosome genes, the key genes CRK, GLTP, ITGAM, PPT1 genes had AUC value of 0.86 upon screening with and without cardiovascular disease presume it as a competent candidate biomarker in urine sample of cardiac patient. The results obtained projects these four key genes as prominent biomarker of cardiovascular disease.