Integration of Data-Driven Techniques in Nanomedicines to Address Diagnosis and Drug Delivery Strategy for Therapy.

Artificial intelligence to bring nanomedicine to life

Simulation-based approaches for drug delivery systems: Navigating advancements, opportunities, and challenges

Over the course of human history, the ability to produce more sophisticated materials has underpinned tool development and led to the industrial revolution. With the rapid rise of “smart materials,” defined as materials programmed to sense, transduce, and respond to external stimuli to achieve a specific task, human beings will launch the fourth industrial revolution. For example, cyber–human interactions and various smart wearable devices are becoming integrated into every aspect of human life. Neuromorphic computing, quantum communication, and the fifth-generation wireless systems are ushering in a new era of the internet of things. Additionally, smart biomimetic robots even surpass the capabilities of natural organisms. History tells us that new materials are the footstone of human civilization and smart materials are no different in this regard. Multifunctional three-dimensional printing techniques can construct complex objects by the layer-by-layer printing of materials. Shape memory polymers and intelligent liquid metals can be transformed into arbitrary shapes, which is evoking the legends of shape-shifting robots. Flexible conductive polymers and smart carbon materials provide key enabling functionalities required for the post-Moore era. Smart materials can increasingly be designed and tailor-made with optimum performance for particular functions and applications. Moreover, smart DNA molecules and molecular machines open up a new pathway for harnessing chemical energy to produce mechanical work. Adhering to the theme of “smart materials for a smart world,” SmartMat came into being. As a flagship open-access journal, SmartMat was launched under the auspices of Tianjin University and Wiley. It aims to address the growing scientific interest in developing intelligent materials that can be programmed to change significantly in a controlled fashion by external stimuli across the entire spectrum of materials science and engineering. SmartMat is expected to make a mark in the field of materials science with ambitions of a high academic impact. The scope of SmartMat is intentionally broad and encompasses the multidisciplinary research of physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science and engineering. It includes topics such as (opto-)electronic, biomedical, stimulus-responsive, self-healing and nanoscale materials for next-generation sensors, actuators, energy harvesting, wearable devices, drug delivery systems, and so forth. SmartMat is helping to shape the smart society with a new generation of smart materials.

Smart Materials.

Concepts and System Design for the Rate-Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals of Rate-Controlled Drug Delivery Oral Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Mucosal Drug Delivery: Potential Routes for Noninvasive Systemic Administration Nasal Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Ocular Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Transdermal Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Parenteral Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Vaginal Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Intrauterine Drug Delivery and Delivery Systems Systemic Delivery of Peptide-Based Pharmaceuticals Regulatory Considerations in Controlled Drug Delivery

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Technological Developments and in Vivo Techniques to Evaluate Their Interaction with the Skin

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology in various fields, including the pharmaceutical industry. One of the areas where artificial intelligence has shown great potential is in the development of drug delivery systems. Drug delivery systems play an important role in ensuring the efficient and effective management of drug agents and the creation of revolution-oriented medicine in this field. The section of the article on the use of artificial intelligence in drug delivery systems presents the main aspects of this innovative approach. Drug delivery methods, such as poor bioavailability, limited targeting, and unwanted side effects. It would then delve into the ways in which AI can address these challenges and enhance the efficiency of drug delivery. Various AI-based techniques employed in drug delivery, such as computational modeling, machine learning, and predictive analytics. These technologies enable the optimization of drug formulations, the identification of novel drug targets, and the personalization of treatment regimens based on individual patient characteristics. AI-driven drug delivery systems, including improved therapeutic efficacy, reduced side effects, and enhanced patient compliance. It also addresses the challenges and limitations associated with the implementation of artificial intelligence.

Nanoparticles (NPs) of biodegradable polymers as a drug delivery system formulate drug devoid of harmful adjuvant, realize controlled drug release and achieve better therapeutic efficacy than pristine agent. However, the low selectivity of NPs towards cancer cells hinders the advantages of NP formulation for efficient chemotherapy. The novel system of paclitaxel-loaded, trastuzumab-decorated poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/montmorillonite(PLGA/MMT) NPs for targeted drug delivery was developed. Paclitaxel was used as a prototype drug with excellent therapeutic effects against a wide spectrum of cancers. Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2), which overexpresses in 25-30% breast cancers. Moreover, synergistic effects have been found in combination of trastuzumab with paclitaxel. As a potent detoxifier, the medical clay MMT can adsorb toxins and reduce side effects. The drug delivery system represents a new concept in developing drug delivery systems and can achieve functions such as to formulate anticancer drugs with no harmful adjuvant; to reduce side effects caused by formulated drugs; to have synergistic therapeutic effects; and to achieve targeted chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer

Artificial intelligence-driven intelligent nanocarriers for cancer theranostics: A paradigm shift with focus on brain tumors.

Проведено огляд літературних джерел щодо розробки та дослідження осмотичних систем вивільнення та доставки лікарських речовин

Part I: Pharmacological Considerations for Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Medicine Systemically Administered Drugs Reginald B. Ewesuedo and Mark J. Ratain Regional Administration of Antineoplastic Drugs Maurie Markman Theoretical Analyses and Simulations of Anticancer Drug Delivery Ardith W. El-Kareh and Timothy W. Secomb Part II: Technologies Available for Use in Cancer Drug Delivery Systems Biopolymers for Parenteral Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment Wolfgang Friess Hydrogels in Cancer Drug Delivery Systems Sung-Joo Hwang, Namjin Baek, Haesun Park, and Kinam Park Microparticle Drug Delivery Systems Duane T. Birnbaum and Lisa Brannon-Peppas Polyethylene Glycol Conjugation of Protein and Small Molecule Drugs: Past, Present, and Future Robert G. L. Shorr, Michael Bentley, Simon Zhsao, Richard Parker, and Brendan Whittle Emulsions As Anticancer Delivery Systems S. Esmail Tabibi Part III. Current Applications: Products Approved or in Advanced Clinical Development Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy Daryl C. Drummond, Dmitri Kirpotin, Christopher C. Benz, John W. Park, and Keelung Hong Gliadel(R): A New Method for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors Francesco DiMeco, Henry Brem, Jon D. Weingart, and Alessandro Olivi Intralesional Chemotherapy with Injectable Collagen Gel Formulations Elaine K. Orenberg Sustained-Release Drug Delivery with DepoFoam Sankaram B. Mantripragada and Stephen B. Howell Cancer Vaccines Susanne Osanto Part IV. Future Directions: Novel Cancer Drug Targets and Delivery Systems Gene Therapy of Cancer Susanne Osanto Progress in Antisense Technology Stanley T. Crooke Tumor Vaccines Francesco M. Marincola Diagnosis and Treatment of HumanDisease Using Telomerase As a Novel Target Lynne W. Elmore and Shawn E. Holt Index

This commentary examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are transforming biomedical polymers, drug delivery systems, wearable electronics, smart materials, advanced manufacturing, and neuromorphic technologies. AI enhances prediction accuracy, optimizes material properties, accelerates development, and enables innovative applications such as smart biomaterials, personalized medicine, and tissue engineering. Specific applications include predicting polymer properties, optimizing drug release kinetics, improving drug delivery system design, and creating responsive materials for advanced biomedical devices. AI also advances wearable sensors, flexible electronics, 3D/4D printing, sustainable materials, and neuromorphic computing, leading to breakthroughs in health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and environmental sustainability.

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems represent a transformative advancement in targeted therapeutics, providing meticulous drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and diminished side effects. However, designing nanoparticles (NPs) optimal for specific drugs and diseases remains a complex challenge. The advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have provided innovative approaches to design and optimize these systems, improving their efficacy and adaptability. This review encompasses the integration of AI in the conceptualization and development of NP drug delivery systems, signifying its potential to revolutionize the field. The review discusses the different AI methods such as machine learning, neural networks, and optimization algorithms that simplify the fabrication of NPs with tailored characteristics such as size, surface chemistry, and drug release profiles. AI can also standardize these characteristics to enhance drug loading capacity, targeting specificity, and controlled release at the chosen site of action. AI-based predictive modeling enables the quick screening of numerous parameters, thus quickening the discovery of optimal NP configurations tailored to specific therapeutic needs. Furthermore, the review also discusses the case studies where AI has efficaciously forecasted NP behavior in biological environments, crucial for enhanced targeting and diminished off-target effects. The amalgamation of AI and nanotechnology not only streamlines the drug development process but also paves the way for personalized medicine. The review also entails the different challenges associated with implementing AI in this field, such as data quality, algorithm transparency, and regulatory specifications. By utilizing AI, researchers and healthcare providers can unlock new potentials in novel drug delivery systems, ultimately advancing the precision and effectiveness of treatments for various diseases. Finally, the review discusses the future directions of AI-based NP design, highlighting its benefits to transform drug delivery and augment patient outcomes.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Natural pharmaceutical excipients have been applied extensively in the past decades owing to their safety and biocompatibility. Zein, a natural protein of plant origin offers great benefit over other synthetic polymers used in controlled drug and biomedical delivery systems. It was used in a variety of medical fields including pharmaceutical and biomedical drug targeting, vaccine, tissue engineering, and gene delivery. Being biodegradable and biocompatible, the current review focuses on the history and the medical application of zein as an attractive still promising biopolymer.Areas covered: The current review gives a broadscope on zein as a still promising protein excipient in different fields. Zein- based drug and biomedical delivery systems are discussed with special focus on current and potential application in controlled drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering.Expert opinion: Zein as a protein of natural origin can still be considered a promising polymer in the field of drug delivery systems as well as in tissue engineering. Although different researchers spotted light on zein application in different industrial fields extensively, the feasibility of its use in the field of drug delivery replenished by investigators in recent years has not yet been fully approached.

BackgroundPolymeric drug delivery systems have been achieved great development in the last two decades. Polymeric drug delivery has defined as a formulation or a device that enables the introduction of a therapeutic substance into the body. Biodegradable and bio-reducible polymers make the magic possible choice for lot of new drug delivery systems. The future prospects of the research for practical applications has required for the development in the field.Main bodyNatural polymers such as arginine, chitosan, dextrin, polysaccharides, poly (glycolic acid), poly (lactic acid), and hyaluronic acid have been treated for polymeric drug delivery systems. Synthetic polymers such as poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)s, poly(ethylenimine)s, dendritic polymers, biodegradable and bio-absorbable polymers have been also discussed for polymeric drug delivery. Targeting polymeric drug delivery, biomimetic and bio-related polymeric systems, and drug-free macromolecular therapeutics have also treated for polymeric drug delivery. In polymeric gene delivery systems, virial vectors and non-virial vectors for gene delivery have briefly analyzed. The systems of non-virial vectors for gene delivery are polyethylenimine derivatives, polyethylenimine copolymers, and polyethylenimine conjugated bio-reducible polymers, and the systems of virial vectors are DNA conjugates and RNA conjugates for gene delivery.ConclusionThe development of polymeric drug delivery systems that have based on natural and synthetic polymers are rapidly emerging to pharmaceutical fields. The fruitful progresses have made in the application of biocompatible and bio-related copolymers and dendrimers to cancer treatment, including their use as delivery systems for potent anticancer drugs. Combining perspectives from the synthetic and biological fields will provide a new paradigm for the design of polymeric drug and gene delivery systems.