Abstract
There has been a recent focus on the association between human microbiomes and disease development, disease resistance, and therapy response. Fecal transplants for inflammatory bowel disease and resistant Clostridium difficile infection have demonstrated that manipulating the gut microbiome can be beneficial in treating disease. Microbiomes are important in dermatology, where response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for melanoma therapy can be affected by differences in gut microbial composition. Bleach baths, which alter the skin microbiome, are known to be beneficial in atopic dermatitis. Gut dysbiosis, or disturbance in the gut microbiome in early life, can influence the development of systemic sclerosis and atopic dermatitis. Metagenomic sequencing can therefore be a useful addition to personalized medicine to identify therapy responders versus non-responders, patients at risk of serious side-effects from biologics and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and prebiotic supplements that aid in improving therapy response.
Highlights
Recent articles in high-impact scientific journals have examined the complex relationship between human microbiomes and systemic diseases
Metagenomics seeks to expand our understanding of the genetic composition of microbiomes and the crosstalk between bacterial communities and host environment
Studies have shown that altering the microbial composition of a microbiome, such as by fecal transplant in inflammatory gut disorders or by bleach baths in atopic dermatitis, can improve disease resistance and therapy response
Summary
Recent articles in high-impact scientific journals have examined the complex relationship between human microbiomes and systemic diseases. Metagenomics seeks to expand our understanding of the genetic composition of microbiomes and the crosstalk between bacterial communities and host environment.
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