Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of geographic information systems, spatial analysis and spatial statistics, and predictive ecological niche modeling as they apply to disease ecology. I provide a conceptual model of the epidemiology and outbreak ecology of anthrax and the landscape ecology of the pathogen Bacillus anthracis. I apply Anselin’s exploratory spatial data analysis process to these two components of the anthrax-transmission and spore-survival model. Spatial clustering statistics are reviewed in the context of outbreak epidemiology and potential mechanical vector transmission. I then provide a primer on ecological niche theory and apply ecological niche modeling to estimate the potential geographic distribution of B. anthracis on the landscape of the contiguous United States under current and future climate scenarios and to estimate the unknown distribution of B. anthracis in Mexico.
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