Abstract
This study established an in vitro model mimicking clinical peri-implant intra-bony defects. We investigated the effect of access limitation and the bactericidal effectiveness of erbium-doped yttrium, aluminum and garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation in shallow and deep peri-implant defects at different tooth positions. Reverse engineering, computer-aided design (CAD), and 3D-printing techniques were integrated to establish physical peri-implant intra-bony defect models at mandibular central incisor, first premolar, and first molar positions with shallow (2 mm depth) or deep (6 mm depth) defects and with 1.5 mm and 1.8 mm widths at the bottom and crestal portions of the alveolar process, respectively. Three-dimensional printed suites at the corresponding implant sites replaced experimental implant specimens for the investigation of bacterial adhesion in individuals. Dental implants with diameters of 3, 4 and 5 mm were utilized at the mandibular incisor, premolar, and molar positions, respectively. Bacterial adhesion of Gram (–) Escherichia coli on the exposed implant surfaces prior to sterilization was assessed. Sterilization with shallow and deep intra-bony defects was investigated by measuring the reduction of residual viable bacteria on implants after 60 s of irradiation with an Er:YAG laser. The adhesion rate of Gram (–) Escherichia coli on the investigated implant surfaces ranged from 1% to 3% (1.76 ± 1.25%, 2.19 ± 0.75% and 2.66 ± 1.26% for 3, 4, and 5 mm implants, respectively). With shallow peri-implant bony defects, the Er:YAG laser sterilization rates were 99.6 ± 0.5%, 99.3 ± 0.41% and 93.8 ± 7.65% at mandibular incisor, premolar, and molar positions, respectively. Similarly, sterilization rates in deep peri-implant defects were 99 ± 1.35%, 99.1 ± 0.98% and 97.14 ± 2.57%, respectively. A 3D-printed model with replaceable implant specimens mimicking human peri-implant intra-bony defects was established and tested in vitro. This investigation demonstrated effective sterilization using Er:YAG laser irradiation in both shallow and deep peri-implant intra-bony defects at different positions and diameters of dental implants.
Highlights
Dental implant therapy has had a high success rate with successful maintenance for many years.peri-implant inflammation is commonly observed after placing dental implants [1].Peri-implant diseases have become increasingly relevant with the growing role of implant therapy in modern dentistry
To evaluate the effects of access limitation with different peri-implant intra-bony defects on the implant surface sterilization effectiveness of Er:YAG lasers, six groups with shallow or deep peri-implant intra-bony defects surrounding textured-surface dental implants were placed in three positions
The rate of adhesion of Gram-negative Escherichia coli to the investigated implant surfaces ranged from 1% to 3%
Summary
Dental implant therapy has had a high success rate with successful maintenance for many years.peri-implant inflammation is commonly observed after placing dental implants [1].Peri-implant diseases have become increasingly relevant with the growing role of implant therapy in modern dentistry. Dental implant therapy has had a high success rate with successful maintenance for many years. Peri-implant inflammation is commonly observed after placing dental implants [1]. Peri-implant diseases have become increasingly relevant with the growing role of implant therapy in modern dentistry. Peri-implant diseases comprise two entities: peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis [2]. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases in 47 selected studies with at least a three-year average follow-up period and at least 30 subjects and implants [5]. Therein, Lee et al reported weighted mean prevalence of implant- and subject-based peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis of 9.25%, 19.83%, 29.48% and 46.83%, respectively
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
