Abstract
The thermal insulation (clo) values of different combinations of shell fabrics, linings, and filling materials were measured using a guarded hot plate. The same fabric systems were constructed into long and short coats, and an electrically heated manikin was used to measure the insulation provided by each coat worn with a standard set of indoor garments. The type of fabric and/or filling material significantly affected the insulation provided by fabric systems and coat ensem bles. The long coats were significantly warmer than their shorter counterparts, and the sensitivity of garment clo to fabric clo was greater for the long coats than for the short coats. It appears that small differences in the thermal insulation of fabric systems become more important when most of the body is covered with a given fabric system. However, when an outdoor garment covers only part of the body and is worn over garments with less thermal resistance, the garment's contribution to total body insulation is lessened.
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