Abstract
This paper will review research on genetic mutations in humans that grant resistance against pathogens. It will describe the characteristics of these genetic traits, which pathogens they grant resistance to, and the mechanism by which these traits provide resistance. It will then discuss the detrimental aspects of these traits, if any, and the potential applications of the genetic resistance mechanisms. Finally, it will cover further research on the genetic trait or pathogen that should be conducted. The following traits will be discussed within this review: sickle cell mutation in the hemoglobin gene and malaria resistance, the Δ32 mutation in the CCR5 gene and HIV resistance, and the erythrocyte silent mutation in the Duffy antigen promoter and malaria resistance. The research conducted on these genetic traits has allowed us to understand more of the pathophysiology of the disease they resist against.
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