Abstract
Mine collapse is a common geological hazard associated with mining areas. In this paper, the goaf of a gypsum mine under the influence of typical faults is chosen as an example, and the stress on the center of the goaf roof is examined through theoretical analysis. The safety factors of the pillar at -127 m, -140 m, and -160 m are evaluated to be 1.471, 1.469, and 1.467, respectively, based on the Wilson theory. It is concluded that the structural parameters of the mining stope are reasonable without considering the influence of the fault. Furthermore, the numerical simulation by FLAC <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3D</sup> is used to verify the analytical results and to study the influence of typical faults on the stress and displacement of the goaf. The results showed that the load of the roof and the pillars at a distance from the fault was larger than the load near the fault. First, the roof at this location is pulled. Next, cracks appear and develop. Then, the middle of the stope roof is pulled and falls, and the overburden strata move. Finally, the unstable strata are transmitted to the surface, and the ground surface of the mining area subsides.
Highlights
In China, gypsum mines, most of which are common gypsum and anhydrite mines, have a large amount of storage and are widely distributed
In the south mining area of the Hengdian gypsum mine, the stope span is generally 8 m; it can be concluded that the structural parameters of the mine are reasonable without considering fault F2
From the research on the instability mechanism of gypsum mining goafs under the influence of faults, the following conclusions are reached based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation: (1) A model for roof stress analysis is built, and the safety factors of pillars at different levels are obtained to verify the rationality of the structural parameters of the stope without considering fault F2
Summary
In China, gypsum mines, most of which are common gypsum and anhydrite mines, have a large amount of storage and are widely distributed. The main factors that induce bump pressure in faults include high structural stresses in faults, the occurrence of faults, the mechanical properties of rock in the surrounding fault zone and the degree of mining disturbance. Li et al [13] studied the mechanism of fault slippage inducing coal bumps under the influence of mining and suggested that, when the mining face is extended from the bottom of the fault to the fault, the risk of fault bump pressure will increase. Because gypsum mines crack and have a higher hardness than coal mines, the above research results cannot fully reveal the collapse mechanism and influence range of gypsum mining goafs under the influence of faults. In this work, based on this collapse, the influence of typical faults on the selection of the stope structural parameters was analyzed, and the mechanism of the influence of faults on the collapse of the remaining goafs was revealed
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