Abstract
While many studies have successfully used plant extracts to biosynthesize iron nanoparticles as low-cost, sustainable and high-performance materials for removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solution, the exact removal mechanism involved remains poorly understood. In this research, a green tea extract was employed both as a reducing and coating agent to prepare iron nanoparticles (GT-nFe) via an environmentally friendly green synthesis method, where the material so produced was then used to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The efficiency in removing Cr(VI) using GT-nFe reached 90.2 % at an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 60 mg L−1 and pH of 5.0. Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis indicated that Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order models best described the adsorption of Cr(VI) by GT-nFe. Thermodynamic studies revealed that adsorption was spontaneous (ΔG0<0) and endothermic (ΔH0>0). Application of advanced characterization techniques, including SEM-EDS, TEM and XPS, indicated a detailed Cr(VI) removal mechanism involving both adsorption and redox reactions.
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