Abstract
The innovative laboratory procedure for the synthesis of copper(II) hydroxide in the form of the aqueous suspension was developed. The reaction mechanism consists of the reaction between copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate and sodium carbonate by successive ion exchange of carbonate ions with the hydroxide ones in a multistep process. Production of copper(II) carbonate and sodium sulphate by reacting of copper(II) sulphate with sodium carbonate was followed by addition of sodium hydroxide solution whereby the product, copper(II) hydroxide, was obtained by releasing an equimolar amount of sodium carbonate. It was determined that, the equimolar reaction of copper(II) sulphate and sodium hydroxide lead to the maximal reactants exploitation. Sodium phosphate, formed in the final process stage by addition of 10 % phosphoric acid solution, acted as a copper(II) hydroxide stabilizer. High yield of the product was obtained by optimizing the synthesis parameters: reaction time, molar ratio of reactants and the reaction temperature. The obtained product was formulated to obtain a commercial product, which is used as a fungicide and bactericide.
Highlights
A sustainable approach to the protection of plants and control of the plant harmful organisms is the application of agro-technical, physical, biological and chemical measures in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks [1]
This paper describes a new environmentally friendly process for the synthesis of Cu(OH)2, which is used as a fungicide and bactericide
Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the samples were recorded in absorbance mode using a NicoletTM iSTM 10 FT-IR Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher SCIENTIFIC, USA) spectrometer with Smart iTRTM Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Sampling accessories, within a range of 400-4000 cm–1, at a resolution of 4 cm–1 and in 20 scan mode
Summary
A sustainable approach to the protection of plants and control of the plant harmful organisms is the application of agro-technical, physical, biological and chemical measures in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks [1]. This is a set of good agricultural practices necessary for the production of useful and profitable products. Plant protection does not imply the complete exclusion of pesticides, but their rational use, which should result in increased yields and profitability of production, and environmentally friendly production methods [2]. Copper-based preparations have been widely used in this approach. It was shown that copper-based preparations are effective against parasites [7]
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