Innovative aspects of development of digitalization of public governance in the USA

Abstract

Problem setting. The public policy in the field of digitization is aimed at forming a qualitative basis for technological evolution and creating conditions for sustainable progress in all spheres of human and society’s life. Currently, the process of digital transformation of public administration is one of the priority directions in the conditions of increasing global challenges of digital technological development. At the same time, the digital transformation of public administration is of particular importance in the conditions of increased socio-economic risks. Recent research and publications analysis. Problems of digitization, formation and development of electronic governance, provision of electronic services to the population, formation of open government, formation of electronic democracy, introduction of electronic technologies in public administration analyzed foreign and Ukrainian scientists, in particular: O. Bernazyuk, T. Birkovich, V. Birkovich, V. Dreshpak, N. Hrytsyak, O. Ka- banets, O. Karpenko, P. Klimushyn, V. Kuybida, I. Lopushynskyi, I. Makarova, V. Na- mestnik, O. Orlov, M. Pavlov, O. Parkhomenko-Kutsevil, Yu. Pigarev, H. Pocheptsov, V. Rakipov, O. Skoryk, S. Chukut, and others. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose of the article: the introduction of digitalization of public administration in Ukraine requires a systematic analysis of foreign experience of digitalization of public administration. Presenting main material. The regulatory and legal basis for ensuring e-government activities in the USA are the following laws: Law on the elimination of paper carriers of documents in state bodies; Law on electronic signature; Freedom of Information Act (FOIA); Law on introduction of smart cards in state bodies for identification of employees, payment of travel expenses, calculation of wages, etc.; S.803 E-Government Act of 2002; Government Performance and Efficiency Act of 1993/ «Open government» (Open government), or «government of open information», also called «government 2.0» (Gov 2.0), is a further development of the concept of digitalization of public administration and enjoys great attention in the US from both the upper echelons of government and local authorities and the public. The experience of the United States demonstrates that the creation of digitalization of public administration takes place in the course of reforming the entire system of public administration in the direction of greater openness and the introduction of competitive and contractual principles; creation of specialized management structures with increased responsibility for performance results; increasing the role of ethical requirements for management; active interaction with civil society. At the same time, the following advantages of digitalization of public administration are also obvious: simplification of bureaucratic procedures, significant reduction of deadlines for the preparation of documents, provision of easily verified, strict tax accountability of legal entities and individuals through the introduction of a unified electronic accounting system, increase in the level of budget revenues, reduction of the scale of corruption and, accordingly , the growth of citizens’ trust in government institutions. Modern digital technologies have a positive impact on the quality and speed of providing administrative (state) services. The process of interaction of citizens and legal entities with executive authorities is simplified, making them more attractive and less time- consuming. The well-being of the population and the economic development of the country depend on the level of digitization of the public administration process. The information openness of state authorities is increasing. It can be noted that now there is a need to develop standards in the field of digitalization of public administration with a mandatory report on the satisfaction of the population with the work of public administration bodies. All this will increase the quality of the activities of state authorities and, accordingly, the quality of life of the population. In the perspective of further investigations, it is planned to analyze patterns, principles, methods, and tools for the development of digitalization of public administration in the countries of the European Union. Conclusions of the research and prospects fo further studies. Modern digital technologies have a positive impact on the quality and speed of providing administrative (state) services. The well-being of the population and the economic development of the country depend on the level of digitization of the public administration process. Digitization provides informational openness of state authorities. Currently, there is a need to develop standards in the field of digitization of public administration with a mandatory report on public satisfaction with the work of public administration bodies. All this will increase the quality of the activities of state authorities and, accordingly, the quality of life of the population. In the perspective of further investigations, the author intends to analyze patterns, principles, methods, and tools for the development of digitalization of public administration in the countries of the European Union.