Abstract
We extend the kinetic theory of $D$ mesons to accommodate thermal and off-shell effects due to the medium modification of the heavy-meson spectral functions. From the Kadanoff-Baym approach we derive the off-shell Fokker-Planck equation which encodes the heavy-flavor transport coefficients. We analyze the thermal width (damping rate) of $D$ mesons due to their scattering off light mesons, focusing on new in-medium effects: off-shell corrections, inelastic channels, and the contribution of the Landau cut. We obtain that the latter effect (absent for vacuum scattering amplitudes) brings sizable corrections at moderate temperatures. We discuss how the heavy-flavor transport coefficients, like the drag and diffusion coefficients, are modified in matter. We find that the $D$-meson spatial diffusion coefficient matches smoothly to the latest results of lattice-QCD calculations and Bayesian analyses at higher temperatures.
Highlights
Heavy hadrons are considered to be an efficient and unique probe for testing the different quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phases created in heavy-ion collisions (HiCs), in both quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and hadronic phases
In this paper we focus on D mesons and analyze the effect on the transport properties of the scattering of these heavy mesons with a mesonic bath at finite temperature
We have shown in Refs. [32,33] that the D meson at T = 0 is characterized by a continuous spectral function, which represents the distribution of possible energies for a given value of the momentum
Summary
Heavy hadrons are considered to be an efficient and unique probe for testing the different quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phases created in heavy-ion collisions (HiCs), in both quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and hadronic phases (see Refs. [1,2,3,4,5] for recent reviews). The need of unitarization was later pointed out so as to avoid unphysically large transport coefficients [10] Following these initial works, we exploited chiral and heavy-quark symmetries to obtain the unitarized effective interaction of heavy mesons, such as D [11,12] and B [13,14], with light mesons and baryons. We exploited chiral and heavy-quark symmetries to obtain the unitarized effective interaction of heavy mesons, such as D [11,12] and B [13,14], with light mesons and baryons With these interactions, we obtained the heavy-meson transport coefficients as a function of temperature and baryochemical potential of the hadronic bath by means of the Fokker-Planck equation approach [11,12,15]. In the Appendix we detail the derivation of the on-shell FokkerPlanck equation to connect to the formalism used in previous works
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