Abstract
Genus Zanthoxylum L. comprises about 200 species distributed in Asia, Africa, Australia and North America [3]. In Vietnam, there are about 12 species belonging to genus Zanthoxylum [1]. Many species in this genus are used as medicine, as spices or sources of essential oils. The fruit of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. (Vietnamese name: “Sẻn hôi”) was collected in Ha Quang district (Cao Bang province). Microscopical characteristics of the fruit were investigated using light microscope. From fruit of Z. rhetsa, the essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The gas chromatography combined mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyse of essential oil led to the identification 25 compounds, accounting for 98.72% of the total essential oil content. The main components are Sabinene (64.80%), Terpinen-4-ol (6.07%), β-Pinene (4.81%), α-Pinene (4.09%), 1.8-Cineol (2.49%) and β-Phellandrene (2.90%). The essential oil of Z. rhetsa strongly inhibited NO production, with IC50 value was 16.42 ng/ml. These results demonstrate that essential oils from the fruit of Z. rhetsa possesses excellent anti-inflammatory activity and thus have great potential in treatment of inflammation.
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