Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase by trans-4- [4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid Is Protective Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury

Abstract

Arachidonic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, can be metabolized to cardioprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases, which are subsequently hydrolyzed to less bioactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). To study the effects of pharmacological inhibitor of sEH (sEHi), C57BL6 mice hearts were perfused in Langendorff mode for 40 minutes of baseline and subjected to 30 minutes of global no-flow ischemia followed by 40 minutes of reperfusion. Hearts were perfused with the sEHi, trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid (t-AUCB; 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 microM). To study the mechanism(s), hearts were perfused with 0.1 microM t-AUCB in the presence or absence of putative EET receptor antagonist 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (10 microM) or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors wortmannin (200 nM) or LY294002 (5 microM).Infarct size was determined at the end of 2-hour reperfusion by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Inhibition of sEH by t-AUCB significantly improved postischemic left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) recovery and reduced the infarct size after ischemia and reperfusion, as compared with control hearts. Perfusion with 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid, wortmannin or LY294002 before ischemia abolished the cardioprotective phenotype; however, co-perfusion of both t-AUCB and 11,12-EET did not result in an additive effect on improved LVDP recovery. Together, our data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of sEH by t-AUCB is cardioprotective.