Abstract
Numerous Salmonella enterica serovars can cause disease and contamination of animal-produced foods. Oligosaccharide-rich products capable of blocking pathogen adherence to intestinal mucosa are attractive alternatives to antibiotics as these have potential to prevent enteric infections. Presently, a wood-derived prebiotic composed mainly of glucose-galactose-mannose-xylose oligomers was found to inhibit mannose-sensitive binding of select Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains when reacted with Saccharomyces boulardii. Tests for the ability of the prebiotic to prevent binding of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled S. Typhimurium to intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) cultured in vitro revealed that prebiotic-exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium bound > 30% fewer individual IPEC-J2 cells than did GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium having no prebiotic exposure. Quantitatively, 90% fewer prebiotic-exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium cells were bound per individual IPEC-J2 cell compared to non-prebiotic exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium. Comparison of invasiveness of S. Typhimurium DT104 against IPEC-J2 cells revealed greater than a 90% decrease in intracellular recovery of prebiotic-exposed S. Typhimurium DT104 compared to non-exposed controls (averaging 4.4 ± 0.2 log10 CFU/well). These results suggest compounds within the wood-derived prebiotic bound to E. coli and S. Typhimurium-produced adhesions and in the case of S. Typhimurium, this adhesion-binding activity inhibited the binding and invasion of IPEC-J2 cells.
Highlights
Salmonella enterica comprises many zoonotic bacterial serovars that can cause serious life-threatening enteric and systemic diseases in infected hosts [1]
Results from the qualitative slide agglutination tests in this study revealed that E. coli CVM strains 1569 and 1585 expressing F4 or F6 fimbria, respectfully, exhibited agglutination activity to Saccharomyces boulardii and this agglutination activity was likewise overcome when cells were treated with 0.05 M methyl α-d-mannopyranoside or as little as 20 mg wood-derived prebiotic/mL (Table 1)
A wood-derived prebiotic product obtained by steam extraction from Southern Yellow Pine chips and composed mainly of glucose-galactose-mannose-xylose oligomers was shown to inhibit binding of certain enteropathogenic E. coli and S
Summary
Salmonella enterica comprises many zoonotic bacterial serovars that can cause serious life-threatening enteric and systemic diseases in infected hosts [1]. Public health agencies are concerned that the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in animal agriculture may render antibiotics less effective in humans. This has increased efforts to develop non-antibiotic therapies for prevention and control of infectious diseases. One attractive non-antibiotic strategy for preventing enteric Salmonella infections in food animals is to feed complex carbohydrate-rich prebiotics to promote the proliferation of healthy gut microflora able to outcompete or inhibit Salmonella colonization in the gut. In some cases prebiotics containing complex carbohydrate-rich products such as mannan- or galactomannan- or other carbohydrate-substituted oligosaccharides have been reported to block adherence of pathogens such as Salmonella and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to the animal’s gut mucosa thereby preventing the initiation of colonization and infection within the animal [4]
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