Abstract
Disulfiram inhibited mouse and rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) in vitro . Inhibition of LADH by disulfiram appears to be non-competitive. The inhibition constants (Ki) were about 1.5 × 10 −4 M and 4.3 × 10 −5 M for mouse and rat LADH respectively. Ethanol elimination was significantly reduced in mice pretreated with disulfiram. At identical time intervals after ethanol administration, the concentration of ethanol in blood from disulfiram-, cyanamide-, or dimethyl formamide-treated mice were significantly higher than the ethanol concentration in blood from control mice. Both cyanamide and dimethyl formamide (DMF) can precipitate a disulfiram-like reaction in man when ethanol is ingested. These and previous experiments suggest that elevated concentrations of ethanol should be considered in the etiology of some of the symptoms seen in the disulfiram-ethanol reaction.
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