Abstract
In some unique cases, liquids can divert from pure isotropy due to the formation of ordered molecular assemblies with acquired “negative entropy” and information storage. The energy stored in such ordered domains can be combined with an independent quantitative parameter related to the degree of order, which can then translate the dormant information to the quantitative energetic term “information capacity”. Information storage in liquids can be thus expressed in absolute energy units. Three liquid systems are analyzed in some detail. The first is a solution of a chiral substance, e.g., amino acid in water, where the degree of optical rotation provides the measure for order while the heat liberated upon racemization is the energy corresponding to the negative entropy. The second is a neat chiral fluid, e.g., 2-butanol, complying with the same parameters as those of chiral solutions. The third is electronically excited fluorescent solute, where the shift in the emission spectrum corresponds to the energy acquired by the transiently oriented solvent envelopes. Other, yet unexplored, possibilities are also suggested.
Highlights
In a large collection of particles, deviation from randomness can store information which upon transmission can be implemented for energy saving [1,2]
In cases of liquids with ordered molecular assemblies prevailing at their steady state, the stored information of I > I0 is correlated with the acquired negative entropy
An alternative explanation, which seems more plausible, is that in chiral solutions there are two distinct domains for information storage, the first corresponds to the chiral hydration, which is dissipated upon intermolecular racemization, and the other corresponds to the global asymmetry presented by the overall optical activity
Summary
In a large collection of particles, deviation from randomness can store information which upon transmission can be implemented for energy saving [1,2]. Information in such assemblies corresponds to a pattern of organization and is not an energy term on its own. Microscopic reversible intermolecular condensations can take place spontaneously, for example, at the freezing or boiling points. In such cases deviation from homogeneity corresponds to a defined energetic process, Entropy 2011, 13 i.e., an enthalpy feature, which does not include quantitative information.
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