Influencing factors of the outcomes of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis assessed by vascular ultrasound in bedridden patients

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in bedridden patients by vascular ultrasound monitoring and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Bedridden patients with acute lower extremity DVT diagnosed by vascular ultrasound were recruited from March 2013 to August 2017. All patients accepted the lower extremity deep venous ultrasound after 2 weeks, and the outcomes of DVT were observed. The patients were divided into DVT improvement group and non-improvement group. The relationships between the factors including clinical characteristics, past history, laboratory examinations, medications and outcomes of DVT were analyzed. The statistically significant influencing factors were taken into the multi factor Logistic regression analysis. Results There were 134 bedridden patients with lower extremity DVT, including 85 males and 49 females, with an average age of (63.9 ± 18.1) years. DVT was improved in 32.8% (44/134) patients, and was not improved in 67.2% (90/134) patients. Anticoagulation therapy, increased international normalized ratio, and delayed thrombin time were associated with improved DVT. Non traumatic causes of bed rest and dehydration were associated with not improved DVT. Anticoagulation therapy (P=0.021, OR=2.729, 95% CI 1.162-6.410) and dehydration treatment (P=0.032, OR= 0.240, 95% CI 0.065-0.882) were independent risk factors for improvement of lower extremity DVT. Conclusions Anticoagulation therapy may improve DVT of the lower extremities, and dehydration may aggravate the DVT of the lower extremities. Vascular ultrasound can conveniently and dynamically monitor the changes of the lower limbs DVT in bedridden patients. Key words: Ultrasonography; Lower extremity; Venous thrombosis; Outcomes; Influencing factors