Abstract
Simple SummaryBy using ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ banana seedlings as plant materials, we investigated the influences of Serendipita indica and bamboo fungus (Dictyophorae echinovolvata) culture substrates on the growth and wilt disease resistance of banana. S. indica colonization significantly enhanced the growth of the two banana cultivars, while banana seedlings grown in nutrient soil containing bamboo fungus culture substrates inoculated with D. echinovolvata showed suppressed growth. Moreover, both S. indica colonization and D. echinovolvata culture substrates addition can alleviate the disease symptoms caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4), and their combined application showed the best disease resistance enhancement effect. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease in the future.Recently, many control methods have been tried and applied in the Fusarium wilt disease control of banana and have achieved definite progresses. In this study, by using ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ banana seedlings as materials, the effects of Serendipita indica and bamboo fungus (Dictyophorae echinovolvata) culture substrates on the growth and Fusarium wilt disease resistance of banana were investigated. Results showed that the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, root length and root thickness, aboveground part fresh weight, root fresh weight, and relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen content in leaves of banana seedlings colonized with S. indica were all greater than those of non-colonized controls, while these parameters of banana seedlings grown in nutrient soil containing D. echinovolvata culture substrates were significantly suppressed. Both S. indica non-colonized and colonized seedlings cultivated in nutrient containing 1/4 D. echinovolvata culture substrates showed much milder symptoms compared with those cultivated in normal nutrient soil, indicating that the addition of bamboo fungus substrates to the soil can enhance the Fusarium wilt resistance of banana. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease.
Highlights
Serendipita indica is an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)-like fungus isolated from the shrub roots in a desert of India by Verma et al [1,2].The fungus is artificially culturable and its host range is known to be one of the widest [3]
Li et al reported that colonization of S. indica improved the banana cold resistance by stimulating antioxidant capacity, improving SS accumulation, and by regulating the expression of cold-responsive genes in banana leaves [6]; Bodjrenou et al found that colonization of S. indica improved the thermal resistance of banana [7]; Cheng et al reported that the fungus could improve the resistance of banana to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4) by regulating the antioxidant enzyme activities of banana root [8]
In one of our previous studies, we found that the crude extracts of Dictyophorae echinovolvata pilei, volva, and stipes all showed certain inhibitory effects on the growth of FocTR4 on the PDA medium, and the pilei crude extract showed the best effect [12], suggesting that bamboo fungus has potential to be used in the agricultural control of banana Fusarium wilt disease
Summary
Serendipita indica (named formerly as Piriformospora indica) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)-like fungus isolated from the shrub roots in a desert of India by Verma et al [1,2]. S. indica associations with host plants promote growth and development as well as nutrient absorption and enhanced stress resistance of host plants [3]. Cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4) by regulating the antioxidant enzyme activities of banana root [8] All this evidence indicated that S. indica has great potential to be applied as a production and resistance improvement agent in the banana industry. Given the disease resistance enhancement ability of S. indica and the anti-microbial activity of bamboo fungus, in this study we investigated the effects of S. indica colonization and D. echinovolvata culture substrates addition into the nutrient soil on the growth and Fusarium wilt resistance of two banana cultivars, ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ (ZJ3) and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ (ZJ4). CK and S+ seedlings cultured in nutrient soil containing no and 1/4 bamboo fungus culture substrates were subjected to FocTR4 inoculation experiment to show their influences on the appearance and development of the Fusarium wilt disease symptoms. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease in the future
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