Abstract
Abstract Trees of apple [Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Red Prince Delicious/Malling (M) 9] planted in 1974 on a 1.52 x 3.05 m spacing exceeded the allotted space by 40% at the initiation of the study in 1979. Trees were unpruned (control) and pruned on July 3, August 3, or September 3 in 1979 and 1980. Pruning decreased limb and trunk cross-sectional area. Horizontal limb cross-sectional area increase was less than that of vertical limbs. Pruning increased spur leaf numbers, area, and size on the 1978 limb section but only July and August pruning prevented the decline in spur numbers occurring on control limbs. July pruning increased bloom per cluster but decreased total bloom on the 1978 limb sections. August and September pruning were most efficient in maintaining tree height while all pruning treatments maintained tree spread.
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