Abstract
This review aims to report the direct influence of a robotic milking system (RMS) on milk production and quality. The Scopus, SciELO, and Web of Science platforms were used as search databases. We followed the PRISMA protocol for the identification and screening of articles. Initially, 336 articles were identified. We excluded 186 articles for duplicity, 53 after screening abstracts and titles, 20 for lack of access, and 58 articles based on the exclusion criteria. Nineteen articles from 2002 to 2021 from 10 different journals were selected. We observed an increase in publications related to RMS in recent years, and the Journal of Dairy Science gained prominence among the journals whose articles were used in the present study. After lexicographic analysis of abstracts, it was clear that there were five predominant classes, and the keyword RMS was more associated with factors related to cows than milk. The study results contribute to a greater understanding of RMS research, providing farmers and readers with clarification on the actual influences on the dairy chain system and future research projects.
Highlights
The robotic milking system (RMS) has represented one of the most remarkable advances in milk production techniques since the 90s, with rapid adherence by all livestock farmers in this area worldwide
This review aims to report the direct influence of a robotic milking system (RMS) on milk production and quality
It was established that the German Holstein breed was distinguished by greater adaptation features as compared to the French breed and the Brown Swiss breed
Summary
The robotic milking system (RMS) has represented one of the most remarkable advances in milk production techniques since the 90s, with rapid adherence by all livestock farmers in this area worldwide. By 2020, approximately 50,000 operating units were estimated to exist on the planet (Filho et al, 2020), located mainly in Europe and Canada (Cogato et al, 2021). These systems have been popularized as they potentially provide more quality for workers, reducing labor and time effort compared to conventional milking systems. The significant difference in the system is the voluntary access of cows to the milking unit during lactation, as voluntary access can generate variation in the intervals between milking This variation is higher in animals subjected to robotic milking than in animals milked using a conventional system, which is why they can provide higher milk production (Masía et al, 2020). A decrease in milking frequency from twice a day to once a day results in an immediate increase in the somatic cell count (SCC) (Stelwagen & Lacy-Hulbert, 1996)
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