Abstract

It is shown that non-Heisenberg exchange interaction should betaken into account to reproduce the magnetic phase diagram ofLa1−xAxMnO3 (A = Ca,Sr) using only effective exchange parameters and spins. The formation of the four-spinexchange arises from carrier hopping and coincides with the critical concentrationmetal–dielectric transition. The two- and four-spin exchange parameters are determined byMonte Carlo simulations.

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