Abstract
For several years, thermoplastic hybrid laminates form a new class in the field of material compounds. These laminates consist of fibre-reinforced plastic prepregs and metal layers in alternating order. Compared to conventional thermosetting multilayer composites, these laminates are suitable for large-scale production and can be manufactured with significantly reduced cycle times in the thermoforming process. In the framework of this contribution, the influence of the cooling rate of carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites and hybrid laminates was investigated with regard to crystallinity and the resulting mechanical properties. Polyamide 6 and thermoplastic polyurethane as matrix systems were examined, in particular.Additionally, the differential scanning calorimetry was used in order to investigate the influence of the cooling rate on the crystallisation behaviour. It could be determined that the cooling rate has a limited influence on the crystallisation of polyamide 6 and this influences the mechanical properties. Furthermore, a reliance of process parameters on the characteristics profile of composite materials and material compounds with thermoplastic polyurethane could be identified. Depending on process conditions, tensile, bending, and interlaminar shear properties fluctuate up to 20 % in fibre-reinforced laminates and up to 32 % in hybrid laminates. Moderate to fast cooling rates result in optimum mechanical characteristics of tensile properties in fibre-plastic-compounds. Fast to very fast cooling rates are advisable for bending and interlaminar shear properties. Highest tensile and bending characteristics are achieved in hybrid laminates by using fast to very fast cooling rates, while interlaminar shear properties tend to be highest in slow to moderate cooling rates.
Highlights
Hybrid laminates consist of alternately layered fibre-reinforced plastic layers and thin metal sheets
The objective of the paper is to investigate the mechanical properties of carbon fibre-reinforced composite materials based of PA 6 and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and the corresponding material compounds CAPAAL and CATPUAL subject to cooling rates
In the case of the TPU film (Fig. 2b), a glass transition temperature was detected in the first heating at 76 °C
Summary
Hybrid laminates consist of alternately layered fibre-reinforced plastic layers and thin metal sheets. These “Advanced Engineering Materials” provide a high degree of lightweight potential, especially where large volumes have to be moved. Best-known representatives are GLARE (GLAss fibre-REinforced epoxy/aluminium laminate), ARALL (ARamid fibrereinforced epoxy/ALuminium Laminate), and CARALL (CARbon fibre-reinforced epoxy/ALuminium Laminate). These laminates were investigated extensively with regard to their process conditions [3,4,5]. Subsequent forming after the production process is not possible For these reasons, thermoplastic-based hybrid laminates are in the focus of research and development
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