Abstract
Vitamin A is related to a number of most important "biologically" active natural compounds. It is necessary for the growth, development, and differentiation of tissues, the processes of photoreception and reproduction, and the maintenance of immunological status. However, the molecular mechanisms of the biological action of vitamin A (besides, perhaps, its participation in the optic process) remain uninterpreted in spite of numerous investigations. In recent years, the membranotropic aspects of the action of the vitamin have attracted still greater interest [7, 28]; the importance of these aspects is shown by the facts of the detection of retinol, retinoic acid, and other retinoids in biological membranes [17], as well as numerous data on the influence of these compounds on the structure and function of biological membranes. Thus, the influence of retinol and its analogs in vivo and in vitro on the stability of the membranes of erhthrocytes [14, !5], lysosomes [23, 26], and mitochondria [2, 3, 21], and on the stability, permeability, and other properties of model membranes [5, 25] was established. Significant differences in the membranotropie action of the structurally similar compounds were thereby found [3, I!, 23].
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