Abstract
This study characterizes changes in fiber charge, which is the carboxylate content of fibers, for two sets of kraft pulps: (1) conventional laboratory cooked loblolly pine kraft pulps and (2) conventional pulping (CK) versus low solids pulping (LS) pulps. Laboratory kraft pulping of loblolly pine was carried out to study the influence of pulping conditions, including effective alkali (EA), sulfidity, and pulping temperature, on fiber charge. The results indicated that, when pulping to the same H-factor, low EA charge and low pulping temperature are favorable for increasing bulk carboxylic acid group content of fibers. Sulfidity did not have an obvious effect on bulk or surface carboxylic acid group content of fibers. Surface charge was not significantly affected by pulping temperature. Bulk fiber charge has a linear relationship with water retention value. Roughnesses of holocellulose fiber handsheets were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). No apparent relationship between roughness and surface...
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