Abstract
We analyze the influence of dietary counseling and physical activity on biochemical and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents with HIV. A longitudinal experimental study, including three analyses: At the beginning, 4th month, and 8th month. A sample of 18 subjects with HIV of both sexes, mean age 10.4 ± 4.50 years. Usual food intake (24 h recall and food intake marker), level of habitual physical activity, biochemical parameters, resting metabolic rate, as well as body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), biological maturation, and anamnesis with clinical data and socioeconomic were evaluated. There was an effect of time on the reduction of blood glucose and triglycerides and the resting metabolic rate. There was a significant increase in fruit consumption throughout the study. The consumption of soft drinks decreased when comparing analysis periods 1 and 2, however, it increased again in analysis period 3. There was no significant effect of time on the set of variables related to a food recall. Counseling healthy habits and regular clinical follow-up were relevant for improving biochemical parameters (glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol), maintaining the resting metabolic rate, increasing fruit consumption, and decreasing the consumption of soft drinks, in part of the time, of children and adolescents with HIV. Finally, we emphasize that counseling positively influenced healthy habits, and these, in turn, improved health-related parameters.
Highlights
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Despite the high efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which provides an increase in the expectation and quality of life of the population with HIV, the chronic use of HAART is related to persistent immune activation and chronic inflammation, increasing health risks with a predisposition to cardiovascular or metabolic diseases [1].in children and adolescents, who go through critical stages of development, the short-and long-term impact may be even greater [2] due to the need for lifelongAttribution (CC BY) license.treatment [3]
There was a momentary reduction in LDL, as well as in the behavior of the frequency of consumption of soft drinks, which reinforces the need for nutritional guidelines even more frequently
There was no difference in the consumption of dietary fiber, we found a significant increase in the frequency of fruit consumption, pointing to positive behavior that would possibly impact in the long run if such behavior were maintained
Summary
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Despite the high efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which provides an increase in the expectation and quality of life of the population with HIV, the chronic use of HAART is related to persistent immune activation and chronic inflammation, increasing health risks with a predisposition to cardiovascular or metabolic diseases [1].in children and adolescents, who go through critical stages of development, the short-and long-term impact may be even greater [2] due to the need for lifelongAttribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).treatment [3]. The use of medication is important to preserve neurodevelopment functions [4] It promotes lipodystrophy syndrome (LS), characterized by abnormal redistribution of body fat and metabolic changes, such as changes in the glycemic profile and dyslipidemia [5,6], which compromise the growth and development of this population [7]. When it comes to children and adolescents, these disorders must be observed more carefully since some drugs have a cumulative effect, which is an independent risk factor, others have only a transitory effect [6]. Complications can generate acute, serious, and permanent problems, especially in those infected vertically [8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
