Abstract
Voltage harmonics are present in various forms and compositions in both power distribution and transmission systems as well as in an industrial environment. This paper presents the influence of harmonics on partial discharge (PD) measurements and the interpretation of phase-resolved patterns. The measurement of partial discharges in the high-voltage insulation of power equipment is perceived as a key diagnostic and prognostic indicator. Partial discharge evolution due to harmonics in both deterministic and stochastic models was evaluated. Since modern diagnostics and prognostics rely more and more on partial discharge phase-resolved patterns, the awareness of the harmonics’ impact is essential. Voltage harmonics result in the additional modulation of PD images; in this context, the harmonic sensitivity of statistical distributions (often derived in diagnostics systems from PD patterns) was demonstrated. With DC voltage, the superimposed harmonics may influence the PD development; for example, in HVDC systems, where they may infiltrate from the grid side or can be created by power electronics-based voltage conversion. Further complication brings voltage harmonic variations over time, which was highlighted by using a time–frequency analysis. The limitations of a harmonic content evaluation based on total harmonic distortion (THD) is shown, indicating potential misinterpretation cases. The presented simulation and measurements results increase the awareness of partial discharge analysis in the presence of harmonics at high voltages. Hence, for modern diagnostics and future autonomous expert systems, it is of paramount significance to properly analyze the presence of harmonics when evaluating and interpreting partial discharges.
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