Influence Of European And East Asian Civilizations On Culture Of Indigenous Peoples

Abstract

Indigenous people have long lived in the Russian Far East, the Amur River Basin and Sakhalin Island. In neighboring China, in Heilongjiang Province, along the left bank of the Ussuri River, along the Amur and Sungari rivers, the culture-kinned Nanai Haejie people live. Traditionally, indigenous peoples of the Amur-Sakhalinsk region have been engaged in hunting, sea hunting, river and sea fishing, reindeer herding, gathering edible and medicinal wild herbs, and other taiga and seafood products. They lived in small ancestral settlements in places rich in commercial resources. Rivers and hiking trails along watersheds of mountain ranges were used as transport arteries. Everything necessary for life came from nature: plants for the construction of winter and flight houses, boats, skis, hunting traps and fishing nets, skins of animals and fish for the production of clothing and footwear. The spiritual core of traditional society was shamanism, and the world around it was filled with local spirits who had to be treated for luck at work and happiness in life. For many centuries these nations have been in a system of close ethnocultural contacts with representatives of neighboring East Asian and migratory European civilizations. These civilizations are agricultural, although they differ in their ethnic history, stages of ethnogenesis, many historical and ethno-cultural features, including differences in ethnic, cultural, ideological, religious, political influence on the people of Amur. It is important and relevant to conduct a comparative analysis of the impact, to highlight the main components and trends of this complex process.