Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the influence of bovine enamel exposure to acidic drinks (Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Company, Milano, Italy, pH = 2.37) on shear bond strength of three sealants (Fissurit; Grandio Seal and Admira Fusion—Voco Gmbh, Cuxhaven, Germany). For each sealant, two adhesive techniques were tested to investigate the impact of the adhesive application on shear bond strength of sealants after immersion in acidic drink and in the control: Group 1—Control: enamel surface was not in contact with acid drinks, acid etching application and self-adhesive technique for fissure sealant; Group 2—enamel surface was not in contact with acid drinks, acid etching, and adhesive applications, an etch-and-rinse technique for fissure sealant; Group 3—enamel surface was immersed in acid drink, acid etching application and self-adhesive technique for fissure sealant; Group 4—enamel surface was immersed in acid drink, acid etching, and adhesive applications, an etch-and-rinse technique for fissure sealant. For each specimen, the sealant composite resin was applied to the enamel surface and tested with a universal testing machine. Shear bond strength was measured in MPa and with an optical microscope to determine failure modes, quantified with adhesive remnant index (ARI). Enamel acidification variably influenced bond strength values of the different sealants. When no enamel pretreatment was applied, no significant differences were found among the sealants (p > 0.05). However, the mere application of acid etching without adhesive procedures resulted in lower bond strength (p < 0.001). The acid pretreatment affected significantly the bond strength of all sealants tested (p < 0.001), but no significant differences were recorded between the subgroups.
Highlights
Published: 8 January 2022Fissure sealants are proved to be effective in the prevention of occlusal caries in molars and premolars [1,2,3,4]
The teeth were randomly assigned into four groups of 60 specimens each: Group 1—Control: enamel surface was not in contact with acid drinks, acid etching application, and self-adhesive technique for fissure sealant; Group 2—enamel surface was not in contact with acid drinks, acid etching, and adhesive applications, an etch-and-rinse technique for fissure sealant; Group 3—enamel surface was immersed for 24 h in acid drink, acid etching application, and self-adhesive technique for fissure sealant; Group 4—enamel surface was immersed for 24 h in acid drink, acid etching, and adhesive applications, an etch-and-rinse technique for fissure sealant
We considered the application of tensile strength on fissure sealants not reliable, and besides this fact, we performed a shear bond strength test
Summary
Fissure sealants are proved to be effective in the prevention of occlusal caries in molars and premolars [1,2,3,4]. Sealants create a physical barrier between the oral environment and pits and fissures of enamel where cariopathogenic dental biofilm is located [5,6,7]. Smooth surfaces created with the application of fissure sealants should minimize susceptibility to adhesion for oral bacterial [10]. The success of this treatment is demanded by the bond strength of the sealants. The incomplete or low adhesion of the sealant to the enamel surface could create infiltration, secondary caries underneath the sealant, and detachment of the sealant [11]
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